M, Sood. (1997). Cause and effect relationship between Personality and Intelligence: A critique of Cross Lagged Panel Correlation Analysis. Unpublished. Ph.D., Psychology. Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab.
The objectives of the study were: (1) To see the applicability of CLPC in studying the cause and effect relationship between Factor C’ (of R.B. Cattell’s 16 P.F.) and Gf and Gc. (2) To see the applicability of CLPC in studying the cause and effect relationship between Factor G’ (of R.B. Cattell’s 16 P.F.) and Gf and Gc. (2) To see the applicability of CLPC in studying the cause and effect relationship between Factor Q3’ (of R.B. Cattell’s 16 P.F.) and Gf and Gc. (4) To see the applicability of CLPC in studying the cause and effect relationship between Factor Anxiety and Gf and Gc. (5) To see the applicability of CLPC in studying the cause and effect relationship between Extraversion and Gf and Gc.
The hypotheses were: (1) Factor C’ (of R.B. Cattell’s 16 PF) influences ability (Gf and Gc). The influence being more in case of crystallized ability. (2) Factor G’ (of R.B. Cattell’s 16 PF) influences ability (Gf and Gc). The influence being more in case of crystallized ability. (3) Factor Q3’ (of R.B. Cattell’s 16 PF) influences ability (Gf and Gc). The influence being more in case of crystallized ability. (4) Anxiety influences ability (Gf and Gc). The influence being more in case of crystallized ability. (5) Extroversion influences ability (Gf and Gc). The influence being more in case of crystallized ability.
The study was conducted on a sample of 225 boy students studying in 8th and 10th classes with age ranging from 13-15 years of Saint Francis School and Shri Guru Harkishan Public School. The choice of school was guided by convenience of collecting data. Only willing students who were ready to participate in the study were taken.
The tools for measuring the data were G.M.A.T. (General Mental Ability Test) by Hundal, H.S.P.Q. (High School Personality Questionnaire by Cattell) and C.F.I.T. (Culture fair Intelligence Test –Scale II) by Cattell.
The study was descriptive in nature.
In order to find cause and effect relationship between Personality Variables and Intelligence, a Cross Lagged Panel Correlation Analysis was employed.
The results showed that except for the causal influence of self-sentiment on both the crystallized and fluid intelligence, all other hypotheses were rejected. It puts a question mark on the utility of CLPC to uncover causal relations in the field of psychology.
Keyword(s): Cause and effect relationship, Personality, Intelligence, Cross Lagged Panel, Correlation Analysis